Settlement of the Ohio Country Begins

The United States was anxious to settle these new lands.  The Congress decided to give land  to the veterans of the Revolutionary War as payment for their service. The first to take advantage of this plan was the Ohio Company, led by Gen. Rufus Putnam. Their settlement, Marietta was the first permanent settlement in the Northwest Territory.

Congress gave sections of the Ohio Country  to states like Connecticut and Virginia, who would then award them to Revolutionary War veterans from their state. A big section of land west of the Scioto River which includes the western half of  Ross County was given to the state of Virginia.  This was called the Virginia Military District.

Please click on the read titles to pull up the PDF.

Settlement of the Ohio Country Begins-Teacher’s Guide

Marietta, Ohio’s First Permanent Settlement-Marietta was the first of many Ohio towns to be settled by land speculation.  The Ohio Company of Associates, was formed by a group of Massachusetts men with the purpose of land speculation in the Northwest Territory. Many settlers purchased land with their land warrants, still others acquired free land in the Donation Tract.  With the arrival of Territorial Gov. St. Arthur St. Clair, the Territorial Secretary and judges, Marietta became the seat of government in the Northwest Territory.

Migration to the Ohio Country

Benjamin Stone Comes to OhioBenjamin Franklin Stone tells of his family’s trip from Massachusetts to the newly settled Northwest Territory in 1790.    Based on his autobiography “Reminiscence of An Early Ohio Pioneer”                                                                                                                                 

It Was a Scary Time Benjamin Franklin Stone remembers the scary times living on the Ohio frontier after the Big Bottom Massacre of January 1791.

4th Ohio Social Studies Learning Standard-#5 The articles above corresponds with  the Ohio Social Studies Learning Standard for Grade 4

Additional Resources:

201260

 

This feature length historical documentary is the story of the Ohio Company of Associates, a group of Revolutionary War officers and soldiers, and how, in 1788, they first opened the door for westward expansion of the new United States.  At Marietta, Ohio, they began the first legal, organized American settlement in the old Northwest Territory. Divided into 12 chapters which can be watched individually.  Please contact Julie Lambert for a copy.

 

Danger Along the OhioDanger Along the Ohio by Patricia Willis                                                  Traveling down the Ohio River in 1793, Amos, Clara, and Jonathan are separated from their father during a brutal Indian attack.  The three children are swept down the river, and must make their way back through the wilderness in the direction of the Marietta settlement, hoping to find their father there.  Their plight becomes still more dramatic  and dangerous when Amos rescues a wounded Indian boy from the river.  Though the boy mistrusts them and his condition slows them down, Amos refuses to leave him behind to die.  Now more than ever, it seems they’ll never make it back to their father and to safety.  Available at Amazon.com

AlongTheOhioTrail

 

Along the Ohio Trail  https://ohioauditor.gov/publications/AlongTheOhioTrail.pdf                                 Join your trail guide Simon for a hike through Ohio’s history! As you read Along the Ohio Trail, you’ll learn about what makes our state different from all the others.  This is in easy to use PDF format.

 

 

“Reminiscence of An Early Ohio Pioneer” The Complete and Unabridged Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Stone, Sr.  1782-1873. Transcribed by Julia Vadakin Lambert.  Available at the Ross County Historical Society

Opening the Northwest Territory to Settlement

The Revolutionary War was over.  The new United States now reached across the Allegheny Mountains to the Mississippi River.  Part of the new lands were the Northwest Territory where we live today.

The young country was experiencing financial problems.  Too much continental currency had been printed during the war, which made it close to worthless.  This caused much distress for veterans who had been paid with these continental dollars.

The United States was anxious to settle these new lands.  The Congress decided to give land  to the veterans of the Revolutionary War as payment for their service. The Ordinance of 1785 as written by Congress, determined how the land would be surveyed and divided, but it did not lay out a plan to govern the new territory. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was written to do just that, thus opening the door to settlement.

Please click on the read titles to pull up the PDF.

1. Opening the NWT to Settlement-Teacher Guide

2. New Americans Look Westward-4 As interest grows in settlement of the Northwest Territory, Congress grants land to Revolutionary War veterans as payment for their service.

3. Hard Times and Worthless Money  Veterans had been paid in continental currency which was now worthless.  This caused much distress as taxes rose to support the new country.

4. Northwest Ordinance:A Plan for Government Congress created the Ordinance of 1785, then the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 to pave the way to settlement of the Northwest Territory.        

5. 4th Ohio Social Studies Learning Standard-#5 The articles above corresponds with  the Ohio Social Studies Learning Standard for Grade 4

Additional Resources:

201260

 

This feature length historical documentary is the story of the Ohio Company of Associates, a group of Revolutionary War officers and soldiers, and how, in 1788, they first opened the door for westward expansion of the new United States.  At Marietta, Ohio, they began the first legal, organized American settlement in the old Northwest Territory. Divided into 12 chapters which can be watched individually.  Please contact Julie Lambert for a copy.

 

AlongTheOhioTrail

Along the Ohio Trail  https://ohioauditor.gov/publications/AlongTheOhioTrail.pdf                                 Join your trail guide Simon for a hike through Ohio’s history! As you read Along the Ohio Trail, you’ll learn about what makes our state different from all the others.  This is in easy to use PDF format.

 

 

Along the Ohio Trail: A Short History of Ohio Lands

AlongTheOhioTrail

 

 

Frontier kid, Simon, guides students through Ohio history.

Audience: 3rd and 4th grade students

A great resource made available by the Ohio State Auditor’s office. Pages can be printed individually and/or viewed via projector from the internet.  This is a free resource, educators are welcome to make copies to share with students

The booklet is available via PDF format at: https://ohioauditor.gov/publications/AlongTheOhioTrail.pdf

Table of Contents:

Ohio Geography

Prehistoric Ohio

Native Americans

Explorers and Traders

Ohio Land Claims 1770-1785

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Settling the Ohio Lands 1787-1800

Ohio Statehood 1800-1812

Ohio and the Nation 1800-1900

Ohio’s Lands Today

Origin of Ohio County Names